At the upper end it articulates with the hip bone to create the hip joint. This is an online quiz called anterior femur anatomy. The head forms a ballandsocket joint with the hip at the acetabulum, being held in place by a ligament within the socket and by strong surrounding ligaments. Its length varies from onefourth to onethird of that of the body. If you would like a large, unwatermarked image for your web page or blog, please purchase the appropriate license. It is composed of the upper extremity, body and lower extremity and provides several muscular origins and insertions. Femur anatomy general features, attachments, development, fractures mbbs, fmge and neet pg duration. The morphology of the proximal femur, specifically the relationships among the head, neck, and proximal shaft, has been a subject of interest and debate in orthopaedic literature dating back to at least the middle of the 19th century. In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the femur its attachments, bony landmarks and clinical correlations. This article covers the anatomy of the femur, its bony elements, and the muscle attachments. The midshaft of the femur was identified and a transverse fracture was created using the iris scissors. Thighbone femur fractures in children orthoinfo aaos. The femur, or thigh bone, is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the entire human body.
On the lateral view the shaft is aligned with the anterior half of the lateral condyle. The proximal femur undergoes significant developmental changes in utero and until puberty. Femur anatomy is so unique that it makes the bone suitable for supporting the numerous muscular and ligamentous attachments within this region, in addition to maximally extending the limb during ambulation. Explore and learn about the femur with our 3d interactive anatomy atlas. Medical illustrations for over 2000 years artists have illustrated the intricate structure of the human body, creating images to elucidate medical procedures and record the pathologies of the body. The femur is the only bone located within the human thigh. The femur is the only bone in the thigh and the longest bone in the body.
There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper. Learn femur bones anatomy physiology with free interactive flashcards. In humans the neck of the femur connects the shaft and head at a 125 degree angle, which is efficient for walking. Anatomy, bony pelvis and lower limb, femur statpearls.
The femur is the strongest and longest bone with an anterior bow. The fracture may be classed as open, which occurs when the bone fragments protrude through the skin, or there is an. Development of a novel murine femur fracture and fixation. Most land mammals capable of jumping also have femur bones, also lizards, frogs, and other tetrapod vertebrates. In adolescents, motor vehicle accidents either in cars, bicycles, or as a pedestrian are responsible for the vast majority of femoral shaft fractures. Although the structural strength of the femur midshaft is maintained throughout the life span of the rat, the estimated material strength of cortical bone, as determined by 3pt bending tests, decreases between 6 or 12 months and 2224 months of age for male wistar kiebzak et al. Because the knee is the largest weightbearing joint in the body, any defect can damage the protective articular cartilage and, over time, result in arthritis. A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur. Choose from 500 different sets of femur bones anatomy physiology flashcards on quizlet.
Search help in finding femur anatomy online quiz version. It acts as the site of origin and attachment of many muscles and ligaments, and can be divided into three parts. Scissors were held with the tips completely perpendicular to the shaft of the femur to ensure a transverse cut was made. Distribution of atypical fractures and cortical stress lesions in the femur. Instant anatomy is a specialised web site for you to learn all about human anatomy of the body with diagrams, podcasts and revision questions. The femur bone is the strongest and longest bone in the body, occupying the space of the lower limb, between the hip and knee joints. Femur injuries and fractures differential diagnoses. Ninja nerds, join us in this video where we show the anatomy of the femur through the use of a model.
Along with the temporal bone of the skull, it is one of the two strongest bones in the body. Anterior surface slopes downward from lateral to medial, lateral wall inclines 10 degrees. As an area susceptible to numerous pediatric and adult disorders, many of which may correlate with. Proximal femoral anatomy in the normal human population. The incidence of femoral, particularly diaphyseal, fractures due to severe trauma is greatest in young men.
It is both the longest and the strongest bone in the human body, extending from the hip to. At the proximal end, the pyramidshaped neck attaches the spherical head at the apex and the cylindrical shaft at the base. Samples were obtained from individuals who died suddenly, and information on. It can break when a child experiences a sudden forceful impact. An interactive quiz covering posterior markings of femur bone through multiplechoice questions and featuring the iconic gbs illustrations. The femur is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the human body. A firm grasp of the anatomy of the proximal femur is required as a foundation to understand the treatment principles for fractures of this specific anatomical structure. This book is distributed under the terms of the creative commons. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum in the pelvic bone forming the hip joint, while the distal part of the femur articulates with the tibia and kneecap, forming the knee joint. The femur is the longest, strongest, and heaviest tubular bone in the human body and one of the principal load bearing bones in the lower extremity. Fractures of the diaphysis, or middle of the femur, are managed differently from those at the head, neck, and trochanter see hip fractures. The femur consists of a shaft body and superior or proximal and inferior or distal end 3.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Traction splints are recommended on all midshaft femur fractures to establish. There are also 2 prominent bony protrusions, the greater trochanter and lesser trochanter, that attach to muscles that move the hip and knee. Femoral shaft fractures are typically the result of a highenergy mechanism such as a.
Osteologic features of this long bone include the femoral head and neck, greater. They are typically sustained in highimpact trauma, such as car crashes, due to the large amount of force needed to break the bone. The main function of the femur is to transmit forces from the tibia to the hip joint. In human anatomy, the femur thigh bone is the longest and largest bone. In our study, we encountered only a few complications most of them being minor. The femur is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body. The book shows how to treat each fracturefrom both an orthopaedic and a rehabilitation standpointat each stage of healing. When there is a break anywhere along this length of bone, it is called a femoral shaft fracture. Once this was done, the femur was grasped with curved ophthalmologic forceps fig.
Distal femur fractures that enter the the knee joint may heal with a defect in the normally smooth surface of the joint. Anatomy of the distal femur cambridge orthopaedics. The treatment of paediatric shaft femur fracture has been drastically changed over the last two decades to internal fixation by elastically stable intra medullary nail esin. Ap view of a comminuted midshaft pediatric femur shaft fracture with open physis. The anatomical axis of the femur runs about 810 degrees laterally from the loading axis, which is connecting the centre of the femoral head with the middle of the talar joint line. The femur thigh bone is the longest, strongest, largest and heaviest tubular bone in the. The femur is the longest and strongest bone of the body, and it carries the. There is a printable worksheet available for download here so you can take the quiz with pen and paper this quiz has tags. Extreme forces also act upon the femur thanks to the strength of the muscles of the hip and thigh that act on the femur to move the leg. Shaft of femur definition of shaft of femur by medical. Femur shaft fractures broken thighbone orthoinfo aaos. The following paragraph summarizes the few publications on the blood supply of the growing proximal femur 29,30,31,32,33.
Femur a long bone forming the skeleton of the thigh, articulating with the innominate bone above and with the tibia below, and carrying the patella in front of its lower end. Neck of femur nof fractures can occur anywhere from the subcapital region of the femoral head to 5cm distal to the lesser trochanter fig. The long, straight part of the femur is called the femoral shaft. Patients younger than 40 are more likely to sustain high energy trauma eg, motor vehicle crash and fracture the midshaft of the femur, while those over 40 are more likely to sustain low energy trauma eg. All of the bodys weight is supported by the femurs during many activities, such as running, jumping, walking, and standing. The femur thigh is the largest and strongest of these bones.
Most of the complications were surgical technique related and were seen at the initial phase of the learning. Also, fractured midshaft femur can bleed a lot will traction improve bleeding from the femur itself. You may not embed one of our images on your web page without a link back to our site. Occurs with severe trauma or in association with pathologic bone. Ontogenetic patterning of cortical bone microstructure and. Neck of femur fracture subcapital intertrochanteric. The femur is classed as a long bone, only bone in the thigh, and the longest bone in the body. The thighbone femur is the largest and strongest bone in the body. Femur the femur is the longest and heaviest bone in the body.
Complications and injuries associated with midshaft femur fractures in the adult can be lifethreatening and may include. In the erect posture it is not vertical, being separated above from its fellow by a considerable interval, which corresponds to the breadth of the pelvis, but inclining gradually downward and medialward, so as to approach its fellow toward its lower. As well as causing truly excruciating pain which can lead to or worsen shock. Distal femur thighbone fractures of the knee orthoinfo. These illustrations have often endured long after the text of the books.
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